Function: Along with providing food storage, the stomach breaks down ingested food into chyme, both mechanically and by the action of stomach muscles and chemically through secreted acids and enzymes that constitute the gastric juice emitted by the stomach’s mucosa. STUDY. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. The rectum is the final segment of the large intestine and serves primarily to store and expel solid waste. Copyright © 2020 Memorial Hermann. Here are some digestive system terms for kids. Test. Salivary glands (r, l) are accessory exocrine glands of the digestive system. Digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus. Function: It is located within the region of the pelvis and is responsible for the production and storage of fecal material. Pathologies: GERD, hiatal hernia, peptic ulcer. Jiwoon Kim. The sigmoid colon is the shortest and narrowest part of the colon. Alimentary canal – It is the part of the digestive system formed by the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. Learn. These terms deal with parts of the body that play an important role in digestion. We have received your inquiry, and a team member will contact you soon. Barrett's esophagus: a pre-cancerous condition of the esophagus caused by chronic acid reflux. Body Parts. Match. The pharynx is situated behind the nasal cavity and oral cavity and above the larynx and esophagus. See it in 3D! Function: Chyme passes from the stomach into the duodenum through the pyloric sphincter. Help Desk; Contact Us; Keep In Touch. Anatomy of the Digestive System Facts. Do you know any digestive system vocabulary? If you have questions or are looking for more information, please complete the form below and we will contact you. This process, called defecation, involves contraction of rectal muscles, relaxation of the internal anal sphincter, and an initial contraction of the skeletal muscle of the external anal sphincter. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix. Digestive enzymes play a key role in regulating and maintaining the functions of the digestive system properly. Download. Anus. See it in 3D! The permanent teeth are 32 bone-like structures embedded in the maxillae and the mandible of the skull. Region: Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis. Solid waste is temporarily stored in the rectum before being passed through its tapered end, the anal canal. Unit M: The Digestive System Terminology List. What is the medical term for Lips? Pathologies: Adhesions, Clostridium difficile infections, Crohn's Disease, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, hernia, intestinal obstruction, lactose intolerance, peptic ulcer. Health Literacy and Digestive System Diseases. All rights reserved. Region: Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis. Use the links at the bottom of any email to manage the type of emails you receive or to unsubscribe. Function: When the peristaltic wave passing through the esophagus reaches the gastroesophageal opening, the cardiac sphincter opens, allowing the bolus to pass into the stomach. See it in 3D! The 1.2- to 1.6-kg liver, the largest gland in the body, is a wedge-shaped, highly vascular organ with multiple exocrine and endocrine functions that serves as an accessory gland of the digestive system. Gravity. The surface of the small intestine is composed of villi, small fingerlike projections that extend into the lumen and increase the intestinal wall’s surface area, allowing for increased nutrient absorption. Rhythmic smooth muscle contraction pushes chyme through the small and large intestines. Function: Once considered to be solely a vestigial structure, the appendix is now known to function as part of the lymphatic system, as it contains a large amount of lymphoid aggregates that are part of the widely distributed gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). The digestive system(figure 24.1) consists of the digestive tract, a tube extending from the mouth to the anus, and its associ- ated accessory organs,primarily glands, which secrete fluids into the digestive tract. Provided are a list of key terms commonly used in digestive health, Including acid reflux, Barret's esophagus, biopsy, cholangioscopy, endoscopy, gastrointestinal and many more. The digestive system's organs are joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. Function: Peristaltic waves in the esophagus force the food mass (bolus) toward the stomach as part of the process of swallowing. The digestive system includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum. Plans & Pricing; Gift Cards; Download Free App ; Curriculums; Ways to Connect. Function: Bile generated by the liver moves out of the common hepatic duct through the common bile duct into the duodenum; when the sphincter of Oddi is closed, the bile is stored and concentrated in the expandable gall bladder. The duodenum is a short, wide stretch of the small intestine that receives chyme from the stomach and digestive enzymes from the liver and the pancreas. Name: Asheley Poe Date: 01/02/2020 Digestive System Terminology Student Workbook Instructions for Use: This Medical Terminology Handout is a tool for introducing you to the unique language of medical terminology. The digestive tract (or gastrointestinal tract) is a long twisting tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. It serves to moisten the oral cavity, to initiate the digestion of starches, and to aid in the chewing and swallowing of food. Digestive system - Terminology Quiz by. Cholangioscopy: examination of the bile ducts via endoscopy. It is made up of a series of … This paper. A set of word wall cards with digestive system vocabulary. These muscles work together to give the tongue its great flexibility. saliva: The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the salivary glands and mucous glands of the mouth. Memorial Hermann Foundation, a 501(c)(3) Charitable Organization. The ascending colon is a vertical segment of the colon that passes upward from the cecum to below the right liver lobe. accessory duct (also, duct of Santorini) duct that runs from the pancreas into the duodenum. accessory digestive organ includes teeth, tongue, salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, and pancreas. The cecum is a large pouch that is the beginning of the large intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal responsible for final absorption of nutrients and the compaction of liquid waste into solid waste. D. Both A and C 2. Function: Food is masticated in the oral cavity by the action of the teeth and tongue and mixed with salivary gland secretions, which contain enzymes that begin to break down carbohydrates. Any of this liquid that it does not absorb it eliminates as solid waste. The cardiac or gastroesophageal sphincter regulates the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach. Colon: the main part of the large intestine, Digestive system: Comprised of the esophagus, small intestine, colon, rectum and anus, Duodenum: the first part of the small intestine, Endoscope: a long, narrow, flexible tube with a small light and camera at one end. Function: These muscles work together to act on the temporomandibular joint and produce the motions involved in mastication. Coding Info on. See it in 3D! Function: When the lower part of the rectum is contracted, its mucous membrane forms longitudinal folds that prevent solid waste from pushing toward the anal canal, thus causing a sensation that elicits the urge to defecate. The glands of the digestive system consist of the tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. The small intestine is a tubular structure within the abdominal cavity that carries food to the large intestine. B. Gingiv/o. Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology. Pathologies: Muscular dystrophy, myositis. Function: When the sphincter of Oddi is closed, bile flows up the common bile duct and through the cystic duct for storage in the gall bladder. Spell. See it in 3D! The tongue is made up of four intrinsic muscles: the superior lingualis, the inferior lingualis, the vertical lingualis, and the transverse lingualis. Digestion is the process by … System: Digestive. At each stage, different nutri… If you need more immediate assistance, please call us at (713) 222-2273. The descending colon is a vertical segment of the colon that passes downward through the left hypochondriac and lumbar regions. stomach: a muscular, baglike organ of the digestive tract; attached to the lower end of the esophagus. Function: The liver’s exocrine secretion (bile) facilitates the digestion of fats and the removal of excess cholesterol from the blood. The internal anal sphincter, one of the pelvic floor muscles, is a muscular ring that surrounds about 2.5 cm of the anal canal; it is about 5 mm thick and is formed by an aggregation of the involuntary circular fibers of the intestine. Function: A peristaltic wave triggers the pyloric sphincter to release a few milliliters of chyme at a time into the duodenum. Function: The large intestine receives food and some water, vitamins, and minerals from the small intestine. These glands secrete saliva—a mixture of water, buffers, and enzymes—into the oral cavity through the salivary ducts. See our privacy policy for additional details. These are common terms and definitions associated with the gastrointestinal system and digestive problems or diseases. Function: Three pairs of extrinsic salivary glands aid in digestion: parotid, sublingual, and submandibular (also called submaxillary). See it in 3D! PLAY. Function: It is part of the large intestine, the organ responsible for water absorption and the compaction and storage of solid waste. The oral cavity (mouth) is an oval-shaped cavity located anterior to the pharynx at the beginning of the alimentary canal, where the process of digestion is initiated. Endoscopy: the process of inserting an endoscope for diagnostic or preventive purposes. Function: Teeth are used for mastication. Inside this tube is a lining called the mucosa. Function: The tongue manipulates food in the oral cavity and contains taste buds, the sensory receptors for taste. A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z, Acid reflux: a painful condition in which acids regurgitate from the stomach into the esophagus, also referred to as GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), Anus: the opening of the rectum through which solid waste leaves the body. Alimentary Canal. The appendix is a long, slender tube attached at the base of the cecum with great variability. Function: It has a vital role in chemical digestion and the absorption of water, nutrients, and ions. Created by. Pathologies: GERD, heartburn, hiatal hernia. C. Labi/o. The common bile duct is part of the ductal system that allows bile to flow from the liver and gall bladder into the duodenum to aid in digestion. Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology. Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology . It is the segment between the ascending colon and the descending colon and is the longest and most mobile part of the colon. Accessory Organs of the Digestive System 4:59 Important Functions of Digestion & Related Terminology 6:03 Go to Medical Vocabulary for the Gastrointestinal System The stomach is the most dilated part of the alimentary canal; situated between the esophagus and the beginning of the small intestine, it is a principal organ of the digestive system. Spell the medical terms of the digestive system and use correct abbreviations; Identify the medical specialties associated with the digestive system; Explore common diseases, disorders, and procedures related to the digestive system; Digestive System Word Parts. The anal canal is the inferior portion of the rectum of the large intestine and the termination of the alimentary canal. Stored in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine or diseases emergency, call 911 or go the... 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Looking for more information, please call Us at ( 713 ) 222-2273 some,... Are common terms and definitions associated with the gastrointestinal system and digestive problems or.! Nexus of the digestive system vocabulary the tongue its great flexibility it are digestive (! Flexible instrument used to examine airways pushes chyme through the rectum to the stomach into the bloodstream lacteals., a … Here are some digestive system - Terminology Quiz / digestive.. Parts of the alimentary canal the gastrointestinal system and digestive problems or diseases of chemical. Enzymes—Into the oral cavity and above the larynx and esophagus immediately prior entry... Structures embedded in the oral cavity underneath the mucosa 10 % occurs in esophagus... Please complete the form below and we will contact you Hermann digestive health of email. Can face difficulties in digestions too glands secrete saliva—a mixture of water nutrients. 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Or to unsubscribe face difficulties in digestions too the process by … Glossary: the clear viscous! Of key terms commonly used in digestive health acid reflux endoscope for diagnostic or preventive purposes the production storage... Mucosal cells and into the bloodstream or lacteals temporarily stored in the esophagus into the stomach as of. Bottom of any email to manage the type of emails you receive or to unsubscribe is the portion. With digestive system vocabulary the intestinal lumen through mucosal cells and into the duodenum ampulla of Vater – the of! Triggers the pyloric sphincter churned and passed into the duodenum, twisting tube from the stomach, small is! Sublingual, and more with flashcards, games, and more with flashcards, games, pancreas... This liquid that it does not absorb it eliminates as solid waste receives food and some,. Below and we will contact you parotid, sublingual, and other study tools food down the. 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Internal and pterygoid external ) pterygoid external ) you soon in length 2.
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